There is much disagreement as to how many species actually exist. (Morelet, 1851). (Reeve, 1856). Shell sculptured with fine spiral threads. The shell characters given above for separating the families apply only to Florida species. Aphaostracon asthenes Adults about 5 mm long (Figs. Smooth-ribbed Hydrobe Vertical ribs smooth along the periphery, strongly developed (Fig. Those available covered only part of the state or part of the fauna. 48). 172). Penis with a single papilla along left margin (Fig. (Thompson, 1968). Whorls of spire less rounded. NERITIDAE Aphaostracon chalarogyrus The snail can wreak havoc on agriculture and carry a parasite that causes meningitis in humans.. 162-164). 115, 116). Aperture narrow, about half as wide as high. This monumental work changed all previous concepts concerning subfamilies, genera and species in the family. 16, 29). Miscellaneous Publication of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 6: 1-213. The snails identified in Pasco County look different from the ones previously seen in Miami-Dade County: Their flesh is creamy white, rather than grayish brown. Three occur in Florida. Body whorl relatively rapidly expanding in diameter (Fig. Shell narrow, terete or cylindric-conical with a moderately impressed suture. 91). Shell elongate-conical. A giant African snail sighting in Florida enacted a quarantine over parasite concerns. 107, 108). Prepared by Fred G. Thompson, Fmr. Arboreal forms, such as Liguus of Florida and Cuba, tend to be brightly coloured; terrestrial forms usually are drab. Marsh Rams-horn 6). Florida Horse Conch ( Triplofusus giganteus) is the largest snail in North America and is Florida's state shell. Pomacea paludosa - Wikipedia Body whorl rounded (Fig. The other three forms, C. limum (Anthony, 1860), C. floridense Call,1866 and C. parthenum Vail, 1979, are exclusively apomictic parthenogens and have been separated on the basis of aperture coloration, embryonic shell coloration, and contour of the outer lip (Vail 1979a). 2015; Agudo-Padron 2018). (Frauenfeld, 1863). 1918. Amnicola rhombostoma 126); accessory crest present on penis. Pilsbry, H. A. 89). The latter are placed in a small container filled with pond water. Shell medium-sized, 2.8 3.5 mm long; spire 0.9 1.1 times length of aperture; shell with 4.2-4.7 whorls (Fig. 82). Shell elongate, thin, transparent, grayish. (Lea, 1834). 112), occurs in the Ocmulgee River system in Georgia. Conical with relatively slender whorls. 159). Height of shell about 23-26 mm (Figs. Umbilicus narrow (Figs. Thompson, F. G. & R. Hershler. The species was eradicated again in 2021 after being detected in 2011 in Miami-Dade County, according to FDACS. Over 500 species of Elimia have been described, most on the basis of shell characters. Choctawhatchee Elimia The greatest diversity of genera and species is in the Indo-Australian region. 140-146). Penis with a dense pattern of superior tubercles. Wekiwa Hydrobe 65). (Fig. Penis with different arrangement of papillae than above. Aperture broadly ovate. Spire long, 1.3-1.7 times length of aperture, convex in outline; shell relatively large and nearly cylindrical; 4.0-4.9 mm long; whorls 5.0-5.7, strongly rounded with a deeply impressed suture (Fig. Penis with a few simple scattered superior tubercles on outer surface; parapical crest on a low ridge; accessory crest and inferior crest absent (Fig. Apex flat with narrow threadlike keel. Sides of spire straight in lateral profile. Shell rounded at the periphery (Figs. Ghost Rams-horn Pygmy Siltsnail) Floridobia parva (Thompson, 1968). 141). EENY148/IN305: Tree Snails of Florida, Drymaeus - University of Florida dalli Inferior crest absent. The lymnaeid fauna of the southeast is particularly depauperate compared to more northern and western regions of the continent. 38). Giant snails that can cause meningitis found in Florida - WESH Size small, discoidal, adults seldom exceeding 4 mm in width. Whorls globose, with a deeply impressed suture. Base of shell open when viewed from below, showing most of preceding whorl due to curved basal lip (Fig. Average length about 5 mm (Figs. 128). Shell depressed. Campeloma parthenum Length of shell 2.0-2.4 mm (Fig. Contents 1 Shell description 2 Distribution 3 Ecology 4 References 5 Further reading Shell description [ edit] Five views of a shell of Pomacea paludosa The fixative may damage the shell, but that is unimportant for anatomical purposes. The reader may be troubled by the imprecise shell characteristics that are used in the key. (Lea, 1862). (Say, 1829). Bright pink egg masses are laid on . Planorbis alabamensis and dilatatus in the Floridian Pliocene. (Vanatta, 1935). Giant invasive snail sends one Florida county into quarantine 40). Escambia Elimia 162). Operculum tightly coiled with four slowly expanding whorls (Figs. 101). Shell sculptured with fine spiral striations, and in some cases curved axial ribs. Planorbella scalaris It can grow to a length of 16 inches (400 millimeters) and is easily identifiable by the left-handed opening of the shell - meaning when you look at the shell, the opening is on the left. The genus is found along the east coast of North America from Maryland south to Tabasco, Mexico. Giant Snails Invading Florida, "Major Threat" to Crops. Shell ovate or subcircular in shape, smooth or with radial sculpture localized anteriorly. Fortunately in Florida, the species are relatively easy to distinguish. Occasional Papers on Mollusks, 2: 385-412. Basch (1963) recognized five valid species. Some species are dioecious with a normal representation of males and females. (Pilsbry, 1890). Penis with 2 or 3 papillae on left margin (Fig. (Lea, 1962). 129). 136, 138). 15, 18). Shell usually opaque in adults, with a dark red callus inside the lip (Fig. 180-193). 122). Shell conical to ovate-conical. (Say, 1825). Essentially identical shells occur repeatedly among unrelated genera and subfamilies. Peristome complete around aperture. Shell shaggy with numerous spiral fimbriations that are broken into synchronized tufts. Snails, Whelks, Conchs - Gulf Specimen Marine Lab U.S. Florida Invasive species. Shell 2.8-3.7 mm long. 60). Types of Shells In Florida: Seashell Identification Guide It lurks nearly a foot beneath the dunes of Sanibel Island. Define Invasive Species: must have ALL of the following -. Suture relatively shallow. Shell moderately large, 3.7-4.5 mm long; spire 1.00-1.35 times length of aperture; shell with 4.8-5.4 whorls. Only three widely distributed species occur in Florida. 10-12). Opercula should be glued to cotton plugs and replaced within the aperture. Embryonic shell smooth, without spiral chords (Fig. The shells should be rinsed frequently in tap water during the cleaning process to prevent etching by the acid. Operculum nearly multispiral with four large, slowly expanding whorls (Fig. Aperture of shell closed by an operculum (snail must be collected live because the operculum is lost soon after death). 110, 111, 68). It is presented in the form of key supplements with illustrations and habitat information to facilitate identifications. Columellar margin of aperture very thick but not reflected over umbilical area (Fig.103). Aperture without serrate denticles on parietal wall. State officials said the last live snail found in Florida before the Pasco . Gray to brownish-yellow in color. Shell conical or globose-conical; thin, translucent, occasionally opaque. Shell conical or cylindric-conical. The aquatic snails of the Family Hydrobiidae of peninsular Florida. Shell more slender and attenuate; spire more elongate in adults, about 0.7- 1.0 times height of aperture. Penis with 7-50 papillae along right margin and 1-4 papillae along distal third of left margin (Figs. Pilsbry, H. A. They are most common on tropical islands but occur also in cold regions, where they hibernate. Floridobia wekiwae Prominent minor spiral sculpture along periphery. Choctaw Lioplax Suture deeply impressed. Fossaria modicella (Pfeiffer, 1839). Penis with papillae along both margins, or right margin only (papillae absent in some Aphaostracon). 1965. Size smaller than last species, seldom exceeding 10 mm in width (Figs.194-196). Parasite colonizing Florida snails could pose health risk - UPI Littoridinops tenuipes The Florida Department . It is important to save some specimens for anatomical studies. Shell discoidal, grayish-white in color; transparent when fresh. (Say, 1817). 198, 205). Its brown spotted exterior provides camouflage, making it a challenge to spot. Vernacular names are given only for species. Micromenetus brogniartiana Native and Invasive Land Snails Hawaiian Snails ( Partulina virgulata) From Molokai Island, Hawaii, 1900s-1960s Giant African Snails ( Lissachatina fulica) From Mariana Islands, North Pacific Ocean, 1950 Rosy Wolf Snail ( Euglandina rosea) From Gulf Co., Florida, 1983 Exhibit Area On the Brink Theme Warning Story Tags: Brink Invasive Invertebrates Spire shorter, conical, 0.7-1.3 times length of aperture, nearly straight-sided in outline, suture of whorls weakly or moderately impressed. 1979a. Melanoides turricula The family contains numerous genera and species, some of which are important medically as intermediate hosts for trematode parasites. Peristome incomplete around aperture. The species are highly variable, and there is no consensus regarding the number of valid species. The specie prefer quite clear water, of lakes and backwaters of streams andsprings. Last few whorls in large adults scalariform. Bulletin of the Environmental Protection Agency, EPA-600/3-82-026: i-vi, 1-294. Seashell Photo ID, Florida East Coast - Seashells by Millhill Apex in about middle of shell. 2002. "If you see one of these snails,. Shell usually marked with red or rust-colored spots, flames, or bands (most apparent on juvenile specimens). Sea Snails | FWC - Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission Aperture broadly attached to preceding whorl across parietal wall. It is troublesome mostly in southern Florida as far north as Tampa, but because potted plants are regularly moved northward it can appear almost anywhere. In Florida four types of Campeloma have been recognized. Elimia dickinsoni They were created by or for the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, or its predecessor agencies.Amphipod Key, Volumes 1-5 - LeCroy, Sara E. An Illustrated Identification Guide to the Nearshore Marine and Estuarine Amphipoda of Florida:Volume 1 (2000, PDF, 18 MB).Volume Micromenetus dilatatus avus (Pilsbry, 1905). Dipping them in a dilute solution of oxalic acid and gently scrubbing them with a fine brush can clean such specimens. It should also be remembered that many groups have not been studied sufficiently, and the reader may have material that adds to or contradicts previously recorded information. Adult large, about 23-27 mm long (Figs. This is essential in the case of the Hydrobiidae. Outer lip nearly straight and parallel to axis of shell in adults (Fig. The profile of the whorls and their comparative size can also help determine the species. 19-21). Florida once again has giant calamitous snails that spew parasitic Your choice will lead you to the proper identification of your snail or the next appropriate pair of questions. Penis filament white. Whorls 3.0-4.0. It is characterized by the lobed shape and glandular patterns of the penis. Umbilicus open. Some were range extensions for species known to occur in adjacent areas. (Fig. Shell transparent or opaque. Invasive Giant African Land Snail Spotted in Florida - Business Insider It has many colorful stripes, colors, and bands on its shell which are usually orange, light orange, dark orange, or yellow. Shell usually small to medium (2-25 mm). (Thompson, 2000). Is non-native to the area, in our case northwest Florida The Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer . Each snail has both female and male reproductive organs, so they can reproduce rapidly. Umbilicus variable. Nuclear whorl slightly protruding, 0.29-0.41 mm in diameter transverse to initial suture. 170, 173). Applesnails are tropical to subtropical organisms and cannot survive below 50F in the winter (Florida DOACS, 2002). Attains a length of about 30-36 mm (Figs. The manual treats only those genera that occur in freshwater. 35). J. Clench and Ruth P. Turner (1956) published a survey of the fauna from the Suwannee River west to the Escambia River. Excentric Ancylid Floridobia petrifons Spilochlamys gravis The shell are secondarily useful for identification, but only when supplemented with anatomical information. (Conrad, 1834). 17, 29-32), shell usually banded in Florida forms. Giant African Snail | National Invasive Species Information Center (Linnaeus, 1758). EDRR Invasive Species. Base of shell with dark red spiral band. 46). Floridobia ponderosa Fighting a new infestation of an invasive, crop-damaging snail, Florida agriculture officials on Thursday said they have collected 1,000 of the creatures in just over a week in Pasco County, where they were recently discovered following two years in abeyance. Opercula of minute snails can be studied most easily by removing them from the animal and viewing them with transmitted light. Shell generally elliptical in outline. (C.B. Click on the link in the row that best matches your snail. 130). Acad. Parietal margin of operculum slightly convex in outline (Fig. 145). Burch, J.B. 1989. 1934. Review of the Planorbidae of Florida with notes on other members of the family. Parietal margin of operculum concave (Fig. 1962. Marginal teeth of radula trapezoidal with well-differentiated cusps. University of Florida 159-179). Color uniform olive-green, never banded (Fig. An invasive, giant African snail is back in Florida. A portion of one Shell elongate with pointed conical spire. Basch, P.F. Approximately 35 species have been described. Shell with about 4.5-5.0 whorls; about 3.0-4.8 mm long (Fig. Apex with fine radial striations (Figs. Outer lip of aperture strongly sinuous in lateral profile (Fig. 7-9). 89-91). Shell with three whorls. In the USA, it was first identified in New Orleans in 1939, but now is found in the Gulf Coast states from Florida to Texas, as well as in Puerto Rico and Hawaii. This pest remains a threat in Florida, Hawaii and the Caribbean. Campeloma floridense Vail, V. A. 164, 167). (Mihalcik & Thompson, 2002). Nautilus, 19: 34. They are variable in their shell characteristics, and some samples may be difficult to identify. Shell globose with a relatively depressed spire; about 1.0- 1.2 times as high as wide. Penis with one papilla on left margin (Fig. Aperture terminating below periphery of body whorl. Suture simple, not crenulated. Philadelphia, 134: 143-77. Aperture broadly elliptical. Eight species have been proposed. Interior of aperture livid white. 142). Shell grayish-white. Florida Flatcoil: Golden Zachrysia: Zachrysia provisoria (L. Pfeiffer, 1858) Gastrocopta pellucida (L. Pfeiffer, 1841) Zonitoides arboreus (Say, 1817) Garden Zachrysia: Slim Snaggletooth: Quick Gloss: Mesomphix globosus (MacMillan, 1940) Hawaiia minuscula (A. Binney, 1841) Mesodon thyroidus (Say, 1817) Globose Button: Minute Gem: White-lip Globe They have been found in extremely high numbers in some crop fields, including corn, cotton, and peanuts, in home gardens, and around farm . Critical Florida references are Thompson 1968, 1969, 2000; Thompson and Hershler, 1991, and Hershler and Thompson, 1992. Lyogyrus retromargo Alligator Siltsnail USDA APHIS | Giant African Snail Last whorl distinctly shouldered. Minor spiral sculpture weak or absent. 180-182). An invasive, giant snail species, that can also lead to outbreaks of meningitis, has been found in New Port Richey. Operculum paucispiral, with about three rapidly expanding whorls (Fig. The planorbid fauna of the southeastern states is particularly poorly known. Penis with invaginated cave-like pit within U-shaped superior tubercles. Pomacea paludosa, common name the Florida applesnail, is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Ampullariidae, the apple snails . Planorbid snails are restricted to fresh water and occur worldwide, being found on all continental landmasses and many oceanic islands. Shell conical or cylindrical-conical in shape; spire elevated; body whorl not disproportionately voluminous; umbilicus closed or open. common name: tree snails of Florida scientific name: Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Bulimulidae Introduction - Identification - Key to the Bulimulidae of Florida - Selected References Introduction (Back to Top) Many snails are found in trees, but only a few are exclusively arboreal for most or all of their life cycle. This snail was twice established in southeastern Florida and was successfully eradicated both times. Shell transparent or translucent. 110). 169, 172). Green Cove Springsnail Shell dull. Nautilus, 97: 68-69. Body whorl compressed (Fig. Shell with 5.0-6.5 whorls; about 3-5 mm long (Fig. Malacologia, 23: 81-82. 15). Incremental striations uniformly weak. (Thompson, 1968). Indented Duskysnail Umbilical perforation wide, 1/6 to 1/8 diameter of shell. Shell small, about 3.0-3.5 mm long; adult with 4.4-4.8 whorl; lower corner of aperture tending to be angulate with fluted channel (Fig. Shell ovate in shape, about 1.2-1.5 times as high as wide. Length of shell 3.0-4.0 mm (Fig. 119). Floridobia leptospira Shell obese and ponderous. The horntail . Shell keeled or strongly angular at the periphery (Figs. Suture not as deeply impressed as in 77b. The giant African land snail ( Lissachatina fulica (Bowditch)) (GALS) is one of the most invasive pests on the planet, causing agricultural and environmental damage wherever it is found. 94). Apex of shell flat, though it may be raised above the periphery of the last whorl (Figs. Periphery of last whorl bluntly angular, lying below plane of apex (Figs. In others, some or all populations may be parthenogenetic, consisting only of females, or they may have a disproportionately small number of males. Two-ridged Rams-horn Another variety, with cream-colored flesh and mottled brown shells, was detected in 2022. Credit: Craig Pittman. Flatwood siltsnail Rasp Elimia Aperture strongly oblique. Shell usually large, about 12-16 mm long. The snails remain a threat in Hawaii and the Caribbean after their eradication in Florida in 2021. Mihalcik, E. L. & F. G. Thompson. In parthenogenetic organisms each population is inbred in the strictest genetic sense, and frequently a population will have minor characteristics that distinguish it from others. Shell sculptured with very fine, uniformly spaced axial threads (Figs.168-170). Types of Shells In Florida: Seashell Identification Guide Nuclear whorl 0.41 mm in diameter transverse to initial suture. It could take years to fully rid the state of the species, officials say. Elimia annae Penis with large papilla on right margin near base and one or two papillae on left margin near distal end (Figs. The molluscan family Planorbidae. Fine vertical ribs present on uppermost whorls. Radula with bicuspid lateral teeth (Fig. Shell relatively thin. i-xxxvi, 1-530 pls. Macroinvertebrate Taxonomic Keys | Florida Department of Environmental Bantam Hydrobe Penis with papillae along right margin (Figs. The beaches in Florida are perfect for shelling and beach combing. 49, 50). This family includes four North American genera, Amnicola, Dasyscia, Colligyrus and Lyogyrus, and the European genus Marstoniopsis and some Asian genera. Clench, W.J., & R. D. Turner. 208, 209), although radial striations may be present on other areas of shell. Thompson, F.G. 1968. 70, 71). (Weatherby, 1879). Shell elongate-conical; 10-40 mm long in adult specimens; apex of spire usually eroded; shell with 8-12 whorls although eroded specimens may have fewer; shell usually strongly sculptured with spiral and/or vertical ribs and threads (except in Elimia dickinsoni); central tooth of radula without basal or lateral cusps (Fig. Base of shell usually without spiral band. Apex suppressed to form a nearly flat plane with the peripheral angle (Figs.165-167). (Goodrich, 1924). Parietal margin of operculum convex. Shell large, 80-100 mm wide. Adult shells about 40-60 mm high (Fig. Other families occur elsewhere in North America and in other continents. Florida's Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services said that a Pasco County master gardener reported seeing a giant African land snail in the New Port Richey area on June 23. Mantle diffusely pigmented or unpigmented. They are brown in color and have a striped pattern. Laevapex peninsulas Rotund Mysterysnail Shell with or without bright bands; with low wavy growth wrinkles; large but not robust, 23-28 mm long. After the snails have been in the fixative for a few minutes to several hours, depending upon their sizes, they should be rinsed in water and transferred to 70 percent ethyl alcohol. It is represented in North America by Viviparus. Shell small, 2.0-2.8 mm long. (Vanatta, 1934). (Fig. 95). Shell conical with strongly arched whorls and a deeply impressed suture. 7-9). (Thompson, 1968). Snail Kite: Species Profile - National Park Service Enterprise Siltsnail) Floridobia monroensis (Dall, 1885). Shell dark brown. Lip of adult shell usually with a thick crest externally and an internal callus. M-879 CONE SNAIL, Conus floridanus A small and less poisonous species, no one has ever died or been stung by one of these slow-movers, but like all cones, they have a venomous proboscis. 105, 106). Apex of shell slightly convex in outline. Average length about 5.5 mm (Figs. (Conrad, 1834). This genus of minute freshwater snails is endemic to the Florida peninsula. Two, Melanoides tuberculata and Tarebia granifera, are medically important because they can serve as first intermediate host for the human lung fluke, Paragonimus westermani. Aphaostracon pycnus Operculum neomelanian, with a small, rapidly expanding nucleus located near the basal margin (Fig. Shell planular or disc-shaped; spire flat when raised above succeeding whorls (Figs. 169). Marsh Sprite Thompson, F. G. 1982. Work through the questions, each time choosing the characteristic that best matches your snail from the two choices. Columellar margin of aperture wide, flat-faced; apex of spire usually erroded; apical whorls, when present, with minute spiral striations; central tooth of radula with basocones located on ridged surface of tooth (Fig. It was well received, and it served the interests and needs of many people. Peristome ovate to subcircular. They are beautiful when they are alive because the body of the snail is black with tiny white dots like the milky way galaxy. Sculpture consisting of distinct spiral striations and threads superimposed on growth striations (Fig. (Fmr.) Ferrissia mcneilli Umbilicus narrow, without a strong circum-umbilical ridge, outer lip without a callus on inner surface. (Lea, 1842). Melanoides tuberculata Whorls rounded, not carinate above; occasionally angular below. Florida eliminates giant snail that can eat houses - Phys.org Shape highly variable, usually disc-shaped but some specimens with flat-topped raised spire. Shell medium-sized, 3.0-3.8 mm long; thinner, translucent or transparent in life; tear-shaped; spire raised and nearly straight-sided, pointed; body whorl less conspicuously enlarged, not descending to aperture along last half whorl. Viviparus georgianus (Thompson, 1968). Formalin will corrode the shell and thereby eliminate color, delicate sculpture, and the periostracum the thin skin coating present on most shells. Low-dome Physa Apical whorls raised to form a point on top of spire. (Fig. 64). Thiarids are found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of North America. common name: tree snails of Florida - University of Florida Small- or medium-sized snails need to be identified with the aid of a binocular dissecting microscope that is equipped with an ocular micrometer calibrated to 0.1 mm accuracy so that precise measurements can be made. Radial striations present or absent Laevapex Walker, 1903. Pomacea bridgesi POMATIOPSIDAE Spiral angulation on last whorl obsolete or bluntly rounded and forming a shallow sulcus below shoulder of last whorl. Two occur in Florida.