; Muralidharan, K.; Parthasarathy, V.A. Coconut timber comes from the trunk, and is increasingly being used as an ecologically sound substitute for endangered hardwoods. In 2007, the Philippines imposed a quarantine in Metro Manila and 26 provinces to stop the spread of the pest and protect the Philippine coconut industry managed by some 3.5million farmers.[75]. "The truth behind the "widespread" practice of monkeys harvesting coconuts in Thailand impacting on consumers & retailers", "Focus: Thai coconut farmers reject monkey abuse charges, suffer lost income", "Reviving the Coconut Industry of the Philippines", "Coconut faces a looming global supply shortage, but could an Australian industry crack it? typica) and "Dwarf" (var. Only a few of the roots penetrate deep into the soil for stability. The coconut tree provides food, fuel, cosmetics, folk medicine and building materials, among many other uses. Per 100-gram serving, coconut water contains 19 calories and no significant content of essential nutrients. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Economic And Social Department: The Statistical Division. Domesticated plants and animals of Austronesia, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, Learn how and when to remove this template message, more deaths are caused by falling coconuts than by sharks, Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, "Rise in coconut yield, farming area put India on top", "How Long Does It Take for a Coconut Tree to Get Coconuts? Efficient utilisation of resources: Fruit production allows for more efficient resource utilisation because it is a perennial crop, allowing growers to remain actively involved in farm operations throughout the year and to utilise all available resources and assets such as machinery, labour and land for production purposes throughout the year, as opposed to agronomic crops. What Coconut Symbolizes? - Sweetish Hill Coconut assumes considerable significance in the national economy of coconut-growing countries in view of rural employment and income generation. Due to growing sedentary lifestyles and heavy-handed landscaping, a decline in these traditional farming and soil-fixing techniques has occurred. Nearly one third of the world's population depends on coconut for nutrition and trade. Virgin coconut oil is predicted to experience high demand from consumers with higher health consciousness and as well as aging population. Due to the performance of coconut in the economy as the major source of income, it is considered as a predictor of the general economic activity of the country. Grated coconut that is dehydrated by drying or baking is known as "desiccated coconut." Improves hair health: Eating or applying coconut oil in your hair stimulates hair growth, prevents hair breakage and split ends. Specimens have been collected from the sea as far north as Norway (but it is not known where they entered the water). [4], A study in 2011 identified two highly genetically differentiated subpopulations of coconuts, one originating from Island Southeast Asia (the Pacific group) and the other from the southern margins of the Indian subcontinent (the Indo-Atlantic group). Besides the edible kernels and the drink obtained from green nuts, the harvested coconut also yields copra, the dried extracted kernel, or meat, from which coconut oil, a major vegetable oil, is expressed. in semiotics from Brown University and completed coursework for an M.A. The coconut palm thrives on sandy soils and is highly tolerant of salinity. . Lately, civil wars and crop failures have driven up the EU Rotterdam coconut oil price, which has doubled during 2010-2011, nearing $2,000 per tonne, according to the UK Grocer. The coconut oil is in great demand for edible purposes, for soap making toilet preparation. Mature coconuts are ovoid or ellipsoid in shape, 3045 cm (1218 inches) in length and 1520 cm (68 inches) in diameter. However, Cocos is not thought to be indigenous to South America, and the highest genetic diversity is present in Asian Cocos, indicating that at least the modern species Cocos nucifera is native to there. Long-term consumption of coconut oil may have negative health effects similar to those from consuming other sources of saturated fats, including butter, beef fat, and palm oil. Coconut (Cocos nucifera). Consumers feel that fresh-cut fruits and vegetables are the healthiest formats available for processed fruits and vegetables, which has allowed the fresh-cut category to prosper. The stiff midribs of coconut leaves are used for making brooms in India, Indonesia (sapu lidi), Malaysia, the Maldives, and the Philippines (walis tingting). [49][4][48][60], The coconut played a critical role in the migrations of the Austronesian peoples. The husks can be used as flotation devices. Coconuts only came into prominence as an important food item after the 1860s and this was largely due to its use by the Indian indentured immigrants who had replaced the slaves on the plantations and who had used coconuts in a variety of ways in their native land. The inner posterior tepal is completely outside. [97], The Philippines is the world's second-largest producer of coconuts. In Belize, coconuts are grown countrywide. Her articles have appeared in "Newton Magazine" and she has contributed to myriad popular books, including "Masters of Deception" and "Click: The Ultimate Photography Guide for Generation Now." Coconut oil has high world demand as an ingredient in cosmetics, soaps, hair oils, body oils and in food products and has surged in popularity because of its health benefits. [86][87][88][84], The pole method uses a long pole with a cutting device at the end. This pattern coincides with the known trade routes of Austronesian sailors. Training without Reward: Traditional Training of Pig-tailed Macaques as Coconut Harvesters. They need annual rainfall of at least 120cm, temperatures from 70 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit and sandy, slightly acidic soil with good drainage. As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. The leaves also provide material for baskets that can draw well water and for roofing thatch; they can be woven into mats, cooking skewers, and kindling arrows as well. Adkins S.W., M. Foale and Y.M.S. In Kerala, coconut trunks are used for house construction. [161] It is used in horticulture in potting compost, especially in orchid mix. in semiotics from Brown University and completed coursework for an M.A. How useful is a coconut tree Write 5 sentences? [146] The sap when fermented can also be made into coconut vinegar or various palm wines (which can be further distilled to make arrack). The name comes from the old Portuguese word coco, meaning "head" or "skull", after the three indentations on the coconut shell that resemble facial features. Coconut The coconut has uses in jewelries, Happy Business India is leading exporters and suppliers of coconut from India to the global market with best quality which meets international standards. The coconut populations in the island show genetic admixture between the two subpopulations indicating that Pacific coconuts were brought by the Austronesian settlers that later interbred with the local Indo-Atlantic coconuts. This mite infests coconut plantations, and is devastating; it can destroy up to 90% of coconut production. However, several states like Assam, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Tripura, Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh have emerged as non-traditional areas for the cultivation of coconut. Fresh husks contain more tannin than old husks. Coconut oil has high world demand as an ingredient in cosmetics, soaps, hair oils, body oils and in food products and has surged in popularity because of its health benefits. As part of the activities, there was a two-day conference aimed at re-educating Guyanese about the diverse benefits of the coconut fruit focusing on its economic diversification and multipurpose use, while heightening awareness and boosting the local Agro-tourism sector. 2) The Wet Meat or Kernel: The kernel or endospermis an important article of food being used in culinary purpose. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Hearts of palm are eaten in salads, sometimes called "millionaire's salad". Omissions? This type of root system is known as fibrous or adventitious, and is a characteristic of grass species. Furthermore, the antibacterial properties of the medium-chain fatty acids in coconut oil could also help reduce acne. [49][4] Indo-Atlantic type coconuts were also later spread by Arab and South Asian traders along the Indian Ocean basin, resulting in limited admixture with Pacific coconuts introduced earlier to Madagascar and the Comoros via the ancient Austronesian maritime trade network. [18][19][20] The Philippines and Indonesia lead in copra production, and throughout the South Pacific copra is one of the most important export products. The edible white, fleshy part of the seed (the endosperm) is known as the "coconut meat", "coconut flesh", or "coconut kernel. [45] They are now almost ubiquitous between 26N and 26S except for the interiors of Africa and South America. The fats in the coconut minimize the pores that attract dirt and bacteria and prevent skin from getting damaged. It is an important commercial product obtained from the husk of coconut. Female flower Bracteate, ebracteolate, sessile, pistillate, incomplete, trimerous, actinomorphic and hypogynous. [173] In the foothills of the temple town of Palani, before going to worship Murugan for the Ganesha, coconuts are broken at a place marked for the purpose. Frison, E.A. Economic Value of Climate Variability Impacts on Coconut Production in This variety of oilseeds made up over 10 percent of the sector that year. Which Is Healthier Refined Or Unrefined Coconut Oil? However they are mainly present as decoration, and the Australian coconut industry is small; Australia is a net importer of coconut products. Based on these separate introductions, coconut populations can still be divided into Pacific coconuts and Indo-Atlantic coconuts, respectively. In addition to its economic value as a source of food and materials, the coconut is also an important source of income for many small-scale farmers and communities. It can be eaten as food or used as medicine. Coconut palms grow in the wet tropical and subtropical coastal Indian and Pacific ocean regions. Besides, the stem is used for construction of houses and leaves are used for thatching, fencing and making baskets and broomsticks. Philippine and Malayan dwarf coconuts diverged early into two distinct types. Coconut Research Center. [172] Irrespective of their religious affiliations, fishermen of India often offer it to the rivers and seas in the hopes of having bountiful catches. It also promotes scalp health by fighting against insect bite, lice and dandruff. ; Putter, C.A.J. In Australia, a Cocos-like fossil fruit, measuring 10cm 9.5cm (3+78in 3+34in), were recovered from the Chinchilla Sand Formation dated to the latest Pliocene or basal Pleistocene. Copyright 2023 Cocoanesia. The coconut industry is an important pillar of Philippine agriculture. In addition to its use as a food, the coconut is also a source of oil, which is used in cooking and in the production of a range of products, including soaps, cosmetics, and candles. The coconut is also an important economic resource for the production of fiber and other materials. Some seasonal variation is tolerated, with good growth where mean summer temperatures are between 28 and 37C (82 and 99F), and survival as long as winter temperatures are above 412C (3954F); they will survive brief drops to 0C (32F). As development continues, cellular layers of endosperm deposit along the walls of the endocarp up to 11mm (38in) thick, starting at the distal end.
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